Glass as road aggregate
Class 7 aggregate — road base material
Glass containers that are brown, green, and clear are commonly recycled in Minnesota. The majority of this glass is recycled back into new containers to package food and beverages. However, many companies and counties are exploring alternative recycling options for post-consumer glass.
More than 15 Minnesota counties have used reclaimed glass as aggregate. While many different applications have been demonstrated in Minnesota and other states, the use of 10% blend for road base is the most common, well-proven and safe.
Minnesota Department of Transportation
Spec. 3138: Aggregate for Surface and Base Course (2005 edition)
The Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) has developed a new specification for recycled aggregates for use in road base: Specification 3138: Aggregate for Surface and Base Course. A new class, known as Class 7, provides for use of up to 10% reclaimed glass blended with other aggregate materials.
The specification is intended to incorporate recycled materials into one class of aggregate, making it easier for government entities to incorporate recycled content material into their contracts and to create consistency throughout the state with regard to aggregate quality. The scope of this specification also covers the quality of glass aggregates used in construction of dense graded bases. Class 7 may be made from 100% recycled materials or blended with a combination of virgin and recycled aggregate. Glass aggregate is competitive with natural aggregate and in some cases can improve the quality of a sandy, virgin aggregate.
The Class 7 specification replaces the former designation of glass in Class 5 and 6 aggregates.
Reclaimed Glass Information Kit
Reclaimed Glass Information Kit (850Kb)
This "tool kit" explains the basics of using reclaimed glass in the aggregate mix for roadbed construction. Technical information is supplemented with resources for implementing a glass project, including case studies, references, and a statewide list of of reclaimed glass suppliers.
This project to promote the use of reclaimed glass in base aggregate was a collaborative effort: Minnesota Local Road Research Board, the Minnesota Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) at the University of Minnesota's Center for Transportation Studies, the Minnesota Department of Transportation, and the former Office of Environmental Assistance.
Success story: Ramsey County
For several years, the Ramsey County Public Works Department experimented with different applications of glass in cooperation with Super Cycle of St. Paul. Ramsey County found glass to be an excellent aggregate amendment and has actively pursued new and different engineering applications for the material. Ramsey County has used glass in shouldering, a 10% mix in base, asphalt and a 100% use in base.
Ramsey County Demonstrations of Recycled Glass as an Aggregate Supplement [Dan Krivit & Associates (January 1999)]
Success story: Otter Tail County
A 7-minute video is available about this project: A Glass Recycling Alternative: a Highway Re-Construction Project in Otter Tail County. To borrow, contact the MPCA's Learning Resource Center, 651-296-6300 or 800-657-3864 toll free.
Otter Tail County's Highway Engineer, Rick West, made an early commitment to use recycled glass for use in a road resurfacing project in the county. In 1996, the county recycling program began stockpiling glass containers collected for recycling. In 1997, because the glass was dedicated to use in highway construction, the glass recycling program was expanded to include non-container glass, including dishes, window glass and glass cookware.
The project to re-construct a four-mile section of Highway 74 began in September 1998. Bid specifications required the contractor to include a 10% blend of recycled glass (by weight) in the aggregate used in the road base. The County Solid Waste Administrator, Mike Hanan, and the County Engineer, Rick West, worked closely with the contractor to ensure that the material used in the base course was clean and of high quality. Engineers determined that the glass could be crushed as it was blended with gravel. The finished product was a MnDOT Class 5 aggregate base with a one-inch maximum particle size. Some salvaged asphalt pavement was also included in the blend.
This mixture performed well during construction, with no need for special equipment. The county has found that this use is an excellent way to recycle glass locally, avoiding the high transportation costs and color separation of the glass required for recycling back into container glass. "We will do these kinds of things (aggregate amendment) until the market says that trucking glass to be used for new glass makes sense," says West.
| County contact: Rick West Public Works Department Otter Tail County Courthouse 419 South Court Street Fergus Falls, MN 56537 phone: 218-739-2271 |
Vendor: Mike Hanan, Solid Waste Administrator Otter Tail County Recycling Center 121 West Junius Avenue Fergus Falls, MN 56537 phone: 218-736-2382 |
Other information sources for glass as aggregate
Recycled Materials Resource Center | www.rmrc.unh.edu
The RMRC is a national center at the University of New Hampshire created to promote the use of recycled materials (pavements, secondary waste, by-product materials) in the highway environment. They focus particularly on the long-term physical and environmental performance of recycled materials. The RMRC has a unique role in the growing area of recycled materials use in highway construction and will serve as a principal outreach and evaluator of information for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and be the principal point of contact for information about recycling in the highway environment.
Minnesota consultants
- Dan Krivit, Dan Krivit & Associates
977 W Nebraska Ave, St. Paul, MN 55177-3328
phone: 651-489-4990 email: dkrivit@bitstream.net - Gene Isakson, PE
4 Marie Lane, St. Peter, MN 56082
phone: 507-934-3513
Clean Washington Center | www.cwc.org
The Clean Washington Center (CWC) helps businesses utilize recycled materials to gain a competitive edge through enhanced performance, cost savings and greater market share. CWC is committed to providing customers with tailored solutions to unique problems. Their expertise is focused in four main areas: Business Development, Recycling Technology, Product Marketing, and Policy Research & Analysis. The site includes technical reports and best practices information for glass recycling.
Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota | www.mnltap.umn.edu
Minnesota Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) promotes the exchange of transportation information and innovations to improve Minnesota's local roads, bridges, and transportation technologies.
